Facet Joint Syndrome

Facet Joint Syndrome

Overview

This condition is a deterioration of the facet joints, which help stabilize the spine and limit excessive motion. The facet joints are lined with cartilage and are surrounded by a lubricating capsule that enables the vertebrae to bend and twist.

Types of Facet Syndrome

Facet syndrome types vary by location

• Lumbar in the lower back, nerve compression caused by a facet joint abnormality can produce symptoms in the buttocks, hips, thighs, calves and feet.

• Thoracic in the upper and middle back, it produces symptoms in the torso.

• Cervical in the neck, it produces symptoms in the upper back, shoulders, arms and fingers.

Symptoms

Symptoms (cervical)

Pain from facet joint syndrome differs depending on which region of the spine is damaged. If the cervical, or upper spine is affected, pain may be felt in the neck, shoulders, and upper or middle back. The person may also experience headaches.

Symptoms (lumbar)

If the lumbar, or lower spine, is affected pain may be felt in the lower back, buttocks and back of the thigh.

Causes

Facet joint syndrome occurs when the facet joints become stressed and damaged. This damage can occur from everyday wear and tear, injury to the back or neck or because of degeneration of an intervertebral disc. The cartilage that covers the stressed facet joints gradually wears away. The joints become swollen and stiff. The vertebral bones rub directly against each other, which can lead to the growth of bone spurs along the edges of the facet joints.